关键词: Sasa-Satsuma equation, nonzero boundary condition, auxiliary eigenfunctions, Riemann-Hilbert problem, soliton solution

Abstract: We concentrate on the inverse scattering transformation for the Sasa-Satsuma equation with $3\times 3$ matrix spectrum problem and a nonzero boundary condition. To circumvent the multi-value of eigenvalues, we introduce a suitable two-sheet Riemann surface to map the original spectral parameter $k$ into a single-valued parameter $z$. The analyticity of the Jost eigenfunctions and scattering coefficients of the Lax pair for the Sasa-Satsuma equation are analyzed in detail. According to the analyticity of the eigenfunctions and the scattering coefficients, the $z$-complex plane is divided into four analytic regions of $D_j: \ j=1, 2, 3, 4$. Since the second column of Jost eigenfunctions is analytic in $D_{j}$, but in the upper-half or lower-half plane, we introduce certain auxiliary eigenfunctions which are necessary for deriving the analytic eigenfunctions in $D_{j}$. We find that the eigenfunctions, the scattering coefficients and the auxiliary eigenfunctions all possess three kinds of symmetries; these characterize the distribution of the discrete spectrum. The asymptotic behaviors of eigenfunctions, auxiliary eigenfunctions and scattering coefficients are also systematically derived. Then a matrix Riemann-Hilbert problem with four kinds of jump conditions associated with the problem of nonzero asymptotic boundary conditions is established, from this $N$-soliton solutions are obtained via the corresponding reconstruction formulae. The reflectionless soliton solutions are explicitly given. As an application of the $N$-soliton formula, we present three kinds of single-soliton solutions according to the distribution of discrete spectrum.

Key words: Sasa-Satsuma equation, nonzero boundary condition, auxiliary eigenfunctions, Riemann-Hilbert problem, soliton solution