Effects of Yinao Jieyu Recipe in Intervening Cerebral Metabolism in Depressive-Like Rats Studied by In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Abstract

Abstract:

This study investigated the metabolic change in brain of depression-like rats and the intervention effects of Yinao Jieyu recipe. Twenty rats were randomly allocated into normal group, depression group, fluoxetine group and Yinao Jieyu recipe group, with five rats in each group. The animals in the normal group were raised regularly. The animals in the other three groups were subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 21 days. After the CUMS treatment, the animals in the depression group received saline treatment by gastrogavage for 6 weeks, and those in the fluoxetine group and Yinao Jieyu recipe group received fluoxetine and Jieyu recipe treatments, respectively, by gastrogavage for 6 weeks. In vivo ¹H MRS was performed to measure the changes of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho) and creatine (Cr) levels in the left prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Compared to the normal group, the depression group and the fluoxetine group showed significantly decreased NAA/Cr ratio in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. The Yinao Jieyu recipe group showed significantly higher NAA/Cr ratio in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex relative to the depression group. The hippocampal Cho/Cr ratio in the depression group was found increased (P<0.05), while that in the Yinao Jieyu recipe group decreased (P<0.01), compared to the normal group. The prefrontal Cho/Cr ration in the depression group and fluoxetine group showed significant increases relative to the normal. The prefrontal Cho/Cr ratios in the Yinao Jieyu recipe group and fluoxetine group were significantly lower than that in the depression group. In conclusion, the Yinao Jieyu recipe appeared to have apparent anti-depression effects in rats subjected to CUMS.

Key words: magnetic resonance spectroscopy(MRS), depression , rat, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus

HUANG Yu-Ling, TANG Qi-Sheng, LI Ning, ZHU Chen-Jun. Effects of Yinao Jieyu Recipe in Intervening Cerebral Metabolism in Depressive-Like Rats Studied by In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy[J]. Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance, 2012, 29(3): 379-387.

References

[1] Han Hong-bin(韩鸿宾). Clinical Design and Application of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequence(The Second Edition) (临床磁共振成像序列设计与应用) (第2版)[M]. Beijing(北京): Peking University Medical Press(北京大学医学出版社), 2007. 150-156.

[2] Wang Jie(王杰), Liu Qing(刘青), Jiang Li-hong(姜立红), et al. NMR method for determining energy metabolism and neurotransmission kinetics in brain(大脑能量代谢和神经传递动力学的NMR测定方法)[J]. Chinese J Magn Reson(波谱学杂志), 2010, 27(3): 341-354.

[3] Tang Qi-sheng(唐启盛), Hou Xiu-juan(侯秀娟), Zhao Rui-zhen(赵瑞珍). Effects of Chinese herb of Yinao Jieyu Recipe in brain monoamine neurotransmitters in rat model of depression(中药颐脑解郁方对抑郁模型大鼠脑单胺递质的干预作用)[J]. Beijing Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine(北京中医药), 2011, 30(9): 710-713.

[4] Parsons C G, St-ffler A, Danysz W. Memantine: a NMDA receptor antagonist that improves memory by restoration of homeostasis in the glutamatergic system-too little activation is bad, too much is even worse[J]. Neuropharmacology, 2007, 53(6): 699-723.

[5] Brand A, Richter Landsberg C, Leibfritz D. Multinuclear NMR studies on the energy metabolism of glial and neuronal cells[J]. Dev Neurosci, 1993, 15(3-5): 289-298.

[6] Keiko I. Proton MR spectroscopy of the brain with a focus on chemical issues[J]. Magn Reson Med Sci, 2003, 3: 117-132.

[7] Mu Ying-feng(牟英峰), Xue Zhi-min(薛志敏). ¹H magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging study on prefrontal lobe in patients with paranoid schizophrenia(偏执型精神分裂症患者前额叶质子磁共振波谱研究)[J]. Journal of Clinical Research(医学临床研究), 2008, 25(5)：835.
[8] Huang Yu-ling(黄育玲), Tang Qi-sheng(唐启盛), Xu Xiang-qing(徐向青), et al. The magnetic resonance spectrum study of brain in rats with post-ischemic stroke depression and interference of Yinao Jieyu recipe(脑缺血后抑郁大鼠脑磁共振波谱研究及颐脑解郁方的干预作用)[J]. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine on Cardio/Cerebrovascular Disease(中西医结合心脑血管病杂志), 2009, 7(5): 545-546.

[9] Xia Jun(夏军), Chen Jun(陈军), Zhou Yi-cheng(周义成), et al. MRI and MRS of limbic system in patients with major depression(抑郁症患者边缘系统异常的MRI和MRS分析)[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Imaging Technology(中国影像学技术), 2004, 20(6): 856-859.

[10] Ende G, Braus D F, Walter S, et al. The hippocampus in patients treated with electroconvulsive therapy: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging study[J]. Arch Gen Psychiat, 2000, 57: 937-943.

[11] Bremner J D, Narayan M,Anderson E R，et al. Hippocampal volume reduction in major depression[J]. Am J Psychiatry, 2000, 157： 115-118.

[12] Huang Yan-yan(黄延焱), Wu Xiao-yan(吴晓琰), Zhu Zhen(朱珍), et al. The study of magnetic resonance spectrum of anti-depression treatment in PSD patients(脑卒中后抑郁患者抗抑郁治疗磁共振波谱分析研究)[J]. Chinese Journal of Gerontology(中国老年学杂志), 2005, 1(25): 48.

[13] Benninghoff J, Schmitt A, Mossner R, et al. When cells become depressed: focus on neural stem cells in novel treatment strategies against depression[J]. Neural Transm, 2002, 109: 947-962.

[14] Li Yun-feng(李云峰), Liu Yan-qin(刘艳芹), Zhang You-zhi(张有志), et al. Effect of antidepressants on the hippocampal neurogenesis in chronically stressed mice(抗抑郁剂对慢性应激小鼠海马神经元再生的影响)[J]. Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin(中国药理学通报), 2004, 20: 385-388.

[15] Tang Qi-sheng(唐启盛), Si Yin-chu(司银楚), Pei Qing-hua(裴清华), et al. Influences of Yinaojieyu formula on GFAP, ENF and bFGF in rat model of depression after stroke(颐脑解郁方对脑卒中后抑郁状态模型大鼠脑内GFAP、BDNF、bFGF的影响)[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(北京中医药大学学报), 2005, 7, 28(4): 32-35.