波谱学杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 471-480.doi: 10.11938/cjmr20233052
• 综述评论 • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2023-01-12
出版日期:
2023-12-05
在线发表日期:
2023-03-20
通讯作者:
* Tel: +86-17717409269, E-mail: 基金资助:
LI Ren,CHANG Xiao,ZHANG Jie,ZHANG Xiaoyong*()
Received:
2023-01-12
Published:
2023-12-05
Online:
2023-03-20
Contact:
* Tel: +86-17717409269, E-mail: 摘要:
吸烟是导致过早发病和死亡的主要风险因素之一.随着磁共振技术的不断进步,磁共振波谱已成为临床诊断的重要手段之一.与磁共振成像的其他模态一样,磁共振波谱具有无创性的优点,能够反映大脑的神经递质及代谢物的浓度变化情况.吸烟是一个全球性的健康问题,近些年已有一些研究利用磁共振波谱观察吸烟对大脑的影响.针对这一广泛关注的社会问题,本文对吸烟人群的磁共振波谱研究进展进行了综述,总结了烟草对大脑代谢的影响.本综述为深入研究烟草依赖的神经生物学机制提供了新的视角,从技术层面为早期诊断、治疗及预防吸烟对大脑的负面影响提供了支持.
中图分类号:
李任, 常晓, 张捷, 张孝勇. 磁共振波谱技术在吸烟对大脑影响的研究进展[J]. 波谱学杂志, 2023, 40(4): 471-480.
LI Ren, CHANG Xiao, ZHANG Jie, ZHANG Xiaoyong. Progress of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in the Study of the Effects of Smoking on the Brain[J]. Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance, 2023, 40(4): 471-480.
表1
MRS检测的与吸烟对大脑影响相关的主要代谢物指标
代谢物名称 | 简写 | δH | 功能 |
---|---|---|---|
氮-乙酰天门冬氨酸 | NAA | 2.02 | 一种存在于神经元内的氨基酸,在抑制水MRS中最为突出,反映脑组织中神经元的数量和活化程度,NAA减少意味着神经元数量减少,说明神经元有可能坏死或被肿瘤组织替代[ |
胆碱 | Cho | 3.20 | 主要源自细胞膜裂解产物磷酸胆碱和磷酸甘油胆碱,与细胞膜代谢、细胞增殖或膜周转率相关 |
肌酸 | Cr | 3.03 | 肌酸存在于灰白质和各种神经细胞中,浓度的改变被认为反映线粒体功能障碍,以及脑能量代谢的变化[ |
磷酸肌酸 | PCr | 3.94 | |
谷氨酸谷氨酰胺复合物 | Glx | 2.40 | 由谷氨酸(Glutamate,Glu)和谷氨酰胺(Glutamine,Gln)组成,兴奋性神经递质,参与代谢产物和神经递质的合成,可反映谷氨酸能神经元的功能异常.Gln可水解生成Glu,二者在脑内突触连接正常发育和记忆中发挥着重要作用[ |
γ-氨基丁酸 | GABA | 3.03 | 中枢神经系统中重要的抑制性神经递质,可抑制谷氨酸能神经元释放Glu,影响突触的形成及重塑 |
肌醇 | mI | 3.56 | 能够调节神经元渗透压,被认为是神经胶质细胞增殖的标志物. |
牛磺酸 | Tau | 3.47 | 一种含硫的非蛋白氨基酸,同时也是人体必需的营养素和条件性必需氨基酸之一[ |
甘氨酸 | Gly | 3.56 | 内源性抗氧化剂还原型谷胱甘肽的组成氨基酸[ |
谷胱甘肽 | GSH | 2.9/3.8 | 一种重要的抗氧化剂,能够清除掉人体内的自由基,清洁和净化人体内环境污染[ |
表2
本文中提及的研究所采用的MRS技术、序列、软件以及感兴趣的脑区和代谢物变化文献综述
文献序号 | 技术 | 磁场强度 | 序列 | 处理软件 | 脑区 | 代谢物变化 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[ | 1H-MRS | 3.0 T | PRESS | Program package* | HC\ACC | 吸烟者NAA降低 |
[ | 1H-MRS | 3.0 T | PRESS | LCModel | ACC | 吸烟者Glu、NAA、Cr、mI降低 |
[ | 1H-MRS | 4.0 T\1.5 T | STEAM | Program package* | DLPFC\ACC | 吸烟者Glu、NAA、Cr、mI降低 |
[ | 1H-MRS | 3.0 T | MEGA-PRESS | LCModel | dACC | 吸烟者Glu、Gln增加 |
[ | 1H-MRS | 2.1 T | J-editing sequence | Program package* | Occipital cortex | 雌性GABA/Cr降低 |
[ | 1H-MRS | 7.0 T | PRESS | LCModel | HC | 雄性NAA、mI降低 |
[ | 1H-MRS | 7.0 T | PRESS | LCModel | HC\ACC\NAC | 雄性GABA、Tau、NAA、Cr增加 |
[ | 31P-MRS | 3.0 T | Chemical shift imaging free induction decay pulse sequence | jMRUI | ACC | 雌性PCr增加 |
[ | 1H-MRS | 3.0 T | PRESS | LCModel | dACC | 戒断期间Glu/Cr降低 |
[ | 1H-MRS | 4.0 T | 2D-JPRESS | LCModel | dACC | 易复发组Glu/Cr降低 |
[ | 1H-MRS | 3.0 T | J-editing sequence | LCModel | NAC | 戒断期间mI+Gly增加 |
[ | 1H-MRS | 3.0 T | PRESS | LCModel | HC\dACC | 吸烟者Cho/Cr降低 |
[ | 1H-MRS | 3.0 T | PRESS | LCModel | Insular cortex | 吸烟者Glu、Gln增加 |
[ | 1H-MRS | 2.1 T | J-editing sequence | LCModel | Occipital cortex | 吸烟者Glu、Gln增加 |
[ | 1H-MRS | 3.0 T | PRESS | LCModel | HC\ACC | BD吸烟者GSH降低 |
[ | 1H-MRS | 3.0 T | PRESS | LCModel | ACC | 吸烟频率减少GSH增加 |
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