铷钟原子气室氦气渗透率实验研究

doi:10.11938/cjmr20243093

波谱学杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 469-475.doi: 10.11938/cjmr20243093

• 研究论文 • 上一篇

铷钟原子气室氦气渗透率实验研究

左玉龙¹^,², 李豆¹^,², 徐俊秋¹^,², 祝伟航¹^,², 王鹏飞¹^,², 明刚¹, 王芳¹, 王晨¹, 康松柏¹^,^*(), 赵峰¹, 梅刚华¹

1.中国科学院原子频标重点实验室（中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院），湖北武汉 430071
2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049

收稿日期:2024-01-02 出版日期:2024-12-05 在线发表日期:2024-03-01
通讯作者: * Tel: 15871777484, E-mail: kangsongbai@apm.ac.cn.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(12173064);国家自然科学基金青年项目(12103074)

Study on Helium Permeation in Rubidium Clock’s Vapor Cell

ZUO Yulong¹^,², LI Dou¹^,², XU Junqiu¹^,², ZHU Weihang¹^,², WANG Pengfei¹^,², MING Gang¹, WANG Fang¹, WANG Chen¹, KANG Songbai¹^,^*(), ZHAO Feng¹, MEI Ganghua¹

1. CAS Key Laboratory of Atomic Frequency Standards (Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Wuhan 430071, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2024-01-02 Published:2024-12-05 Online:2024-03-01
Contact: * Tel: 15871777484, E-mail: kangsongbai@apm.ac.cn.

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

氦气向铷气室内渗透被认为是导致铷钟频率漂移的原因之一．在本研究中，我们对铷钟普遍使用的Pyrex材料铷原子气室和研制的抗氦渗透能力强的铝硅材料铷原子气室的多个样本进行了氦渗透率测量，在工作温度（约60 ℃）下渗透率分别为2E-19 m²/(Pa•s)和≤3E-22 m²/(Pa•s)．据此结果对铷钟频率漂移率进行分析表明，采用Pyrex玻璃气室时，氦气渗透引入的铷钟频率漂移在前4年内稳定在E-13/天水平，之后6年的影响大约在E-14/天水平；若采用铝硅玻璃（ASG）气室，氦气渗透引入的铷钟频率漂移可降低至E-16/天水平．该研究结果对改善铷钟的长期频率漂移问题具有指导意义．

关键词: 铷原子钟, 原子气室, 氦气渗透, 原子钟频率漂移

Abstract:

Vapor cell’s helium permeation is considered to be one of the reasons for the frequency drift of rubidium (Rb) clocks. In this study, we measured the helium permeability for both commonly used Pyrex Rb cell and newly developed anti-helium aluminosilicate Rb cell. Their helium permeabilities at operating temperatures (~60 ℃) are 2E-19 m²/(Pa•s) and ≤3E-22 m²/(Pa•s), respectively. The analysis shows that the Pyrex Rb cells causes clock drift from helium permeation to be about E-13/day in the first four years and E-14/day in the next six years, and the aluminosilicate Rb cell can suppress the drift from helium permeation to E-16/day. The results are instructive for improving Rb clock’s long-term frequency drift performance.

Key words: rubidium atomic clock, atomic vapor cells, helium permeation, atomic clock frequency drift

中图分类号:

O455+.1

左玉龙, 李豆, 徐俊秋, 祝伟航, 王鹏飞, 明刚, 王芳, 王晨, 康松柏, 赵峰, 梅刚华. 铷钟原子气室氦气渗透率实验研究[J]. 波谱学杂志, 2024, 41(4): 469-475.

ZUO Yulong, LI Dou, XU Junqiu, ZHU Weihang, WANG Pengfei, MING Gang, WANG Fang, WANG Chen, KANG Songbai, ZHAO Feng, MEI Ganghua. Study on Helium Permeation in Rubidium Clock’s Vapor Cell[J]. Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance, 2024, 41(4): 469-475.

图/表 5

图1

图2

表1

玻璃气室样品尺寸、氦气压强、频率漂移拟合结果及计算得到的氦气渗透率

编号	外径/mm	高度/mm	厚度/mm	氦气压强/Torr	$k f$ /(Hz/s)^*	K/(m²/(Pa•s))@60 ℃
Prex1	13.84±0.10	15.60±0.20	1±0.10	785±1	0.00549±9.3E-8	1.982E-19±2.0E-20
Prex2	14.10±0.10	15.70±0.20	1±0.10	780±1	0.00542±1.1E-7	2.003E-19±2.1E-20
Prex3	13.84±0.10	16.46±0.20	1±0.10	782±3	0.00536±3.8E-7	1.978E-19±2.0E-20
Prex4	13.90±0.10	15.70±0.20	1±0.10	787±1	0.00571±4.6E-8	2.068E-19±2.1E-20
A^**[7]						5.0E-19
B^**[8]						2.5E-19
C^**[9]						4.6E-19
ASG cell01	20.02±0.10	17.04±0.20	1±0.10	786±2	1.21E-5	≤6E-22
ASG cell02	19.92±0.10	16.98±0.20	1±0.10	784±1	5.23E-6	≤3E-22

表1

图3

图4

参考文献 14

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铷钟原子气室氦气渗透率实验研究

Study on Helium Permeation in Rubidium Clock’s Vapor Cell

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