基于可穿戴式脑磁图的视觉混合脑机接口研究

doi:10.11938/cjmr20243096

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

新兴的可穿戴式脑磁图技术为脑机接口（BCI）提供高质量数据奠定了基础．为探究可穿戴式脑磁图应用于视觉混合BCI上的可行性，本文基于稳态视觉诱发场（SSVEF）和Alpha波设计了SSVEF-Alpha混合BCI，并在不同分类模型上进行了性能对比．结果表明，基于用户依赖（UD）的训练方法，混合BCI 6分类平均分类准确率为(93.29±1.69)%，信息传输速率可达86.81 bits/min，且使用短数据长度进行用户独立（UI）的训练方法比免训练的方法更具优越性．本研究验证了视觉混合BCI的有效性，为进一步开发设计可穿戴式脑磁图的BCI应用产品提供参考范例．

关键词: 脑机接口, 可穿戴脑磁图, 稳态视觉诱发场, Alpha波, 分类准确率, 信息传输速率

Abstract:

The emerging wearable magnetoencephalography technology lays the foundation for brain-computer interface to provide high-quality data. To explore the feasibility of applying wearable magnetoencephalography in visual hybrid brain-computer interface, a SSVEF-Alpha hybrid brain-computer interface is designed based on steady-state visual evoked field and Alpha wave, and the performance is compared with different classification models. The results show that based on the user-dependent training method, the average classification accuracy of hybrid brain-computer interface is (93.29±1.69)%, the information transmission rate can reach 86.81 bits/min. And the user-independent training method with short data length shows superiority over the training-free method. This study verifies the effectiveness of visual hybrid brain-computer interface and provides a reference example for further development and design of brain-computer interface products of wearable magnetoencephalography.

Key words: brain-computer interface, wearable magnetoencephalogram, steady-state visual evoked field, Alpha wave, classification accuracy, information transmission rate

中图分类号:

O441.5
Q64

王晨旭, 郭旭, 王慧, 张欣, 常严, 郭清乾, 胡涛, 冯晓宇, 杨晓冬. 基于可穿戴式脑磁图的视觉混合脑机接口研究[J]. 波谱学杂志, 2024, 41(4): 405-417.

WANG Chenxu, GUO Xu, WANG Hui, ZHANG Xin, CHANG Yan, GUO Qingqian, HU Tao, FENG Xiaoyu, YANG Xiaodong. Study of Visual Hybrid Brain-Computer Interface Based on Wearable Magnetoencephalogram[J]. Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance, 2024, 41(4): 405-417.

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分类方法	数据长度
分类方法	1 s	2 s	3 s	4 s	5 s
UD-SVM(2)	94.13±1.26	94.50±1.45	95.63±1.45	95.38±1.66	96.38±1.42
UD-TRCA(2)	52.88±2.47	52.38±2.31	57.75±2.62	54.50±2.37	57.50±2.58
UD-EEGNet(2)	95.63±1.59	97.50±1.07	93.88±1.97	93.00±2.22	93.75±2.24
UI-SVM(2)	81.63±3.67	82.50±3.95	83.50±3.90	83.13±3.86	83.50±4.07
UI-TRCA(2)	49.13±1.56	51.50±1.72	55.38±2.27	54.00±1.72	55.63±1.72
UI-EEGNet(2)	83.13±3.28	85.25±3.35	85.13±3.40	85.50±3.35	86.13±3.38
CCA(4)	49.44±2.50	75.81±3.16	87.13±2.37	92.00±1.73	93.56±1.64
UD-TRCA(4)	89.19±1.81	96.25±1.09	97.50±0.88	98.19±0.85	99.00±0.43
UD-EEGNet(4)	88.56±2.07	88.69±2.60	95.69±1.28	96.75±1.19	97.63±1.07
UI-TRCA(4)	56.44±2.47	59.06±3.16	61.69±3.92	63.63±4.20	67.31±4.02
UI-EEGNet(4)	67.50±2.99	79.31±3.27	82.25±3.56	85.25±3.48	88.13±3.23
UD-TRCA(6)	65.00±1.66	71.71±1.23	73.92±1.29	73.88±1.29	75.33±1.18
UD-EEGNet(6)	81.10±2.16	88.04±1.48	90.42±1.31	91.67±1.50	93.29±1.69
UI-TRCA(6)	37.54±1.74	40.29±2.57	44.08±2.95	45.71±3.05	48.54±3.21
UI-EEGNet(6)	52.67±2.33	62.37±3.00	73.63±3.02	78.71±2.73	81.75±2.75

分类方法	数据长度
分类方法	1 s	2 s	3 s	4 s	5 s
UD-SVM(2)	40.65	20.78	14.82	10.95	9.30
UD-TRCA(2)	0.14	0.05	0.35	0.09	0.20
UD-EEGNet(2)	44.45	24.94	13.35	9.51	7.95
UI-SVM(2)	18.71	9.93	7.08	5.18	4.25
UI-TRCA(2)	0.01	0.02	0.17	0.07	0.11
UI-EEGNet(2)	20.71	11.89	7.87	6.04	5.03
CCA(4)	11.92	24.55	24.84	22.07	18.64
UD-TRCA(4)	80.06	51.30	35.83	27.61	22.84
UD-EEGNet(4)	78.34	39.34	33.50	26.13	21.60
UI-TRCA(4)	19.29	11.25	8.65	7.17	6.84
UI-EEGNet(4)	34.51	28.10	20.88	17.44	15.43
UD-TRCA(6)	50.29	32.06	23.03	17.25	14.48
UD-EEGNet(6)	86.81	53.37	38.14	29.66	24.89
UI-TRCA(6)	10.80	6.78	5.93	4.95	4.69
UI-EEGNet(6)	29.28	22.68	22.80	20.15	17.71

数据长度	专用分类方法			通用分类方法
数据长度	Alpha波	SSVEF信号	SSVEF-Alpha 混合信号	Alpha波	SSVEF信号	SSVEF-Alpha 混合信号
1 s	UD-EEGNet(2)	UD-TRCA(4)	UD-EEGNet(6)	UI-EEGNet(2)	UI-EEGNet(4)	UI-EEGNet(6)
2 s	UD-EEGNet(2)	UD-TRCA(4)	UD-EEGNet(6)	UI-EEGNet(2)	UI-EEGNet(4)	UI-EEGNet(6)
3 s	UD-SVM(2)	UD-TRCA(4)	UD-EEGNet(6)	UI-EEGNet(2)	CCA(4)	UI-EEGNet(6)
4 s	UD-SVM(2)	UD-TRCA(4)	UD-EEGNet(6)	UI-EEGNet(2)	CCA(4)	UI-EEGNet(6)
5 s	UD-SVM(2)	UD-TRCA(4)	UD-EEGNet(6)	UI-EEGNet(2)	CCA(4)	UI-EEGNet(6)