儿童发育性髋关节脱位的磁共振形态学定量

doi:10.11938/cjmr20202804

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 发育性髋关节脱位（developmental dysplasia of the hip，DDH）作为一类常见的、严重威胁儿童健康成长的髋关节疾病会严重影响到儿童的肢体发育和生活质量，其早诊断、早治疗非常重要.磁共振成像（magnetic resonance imaging，MRI）技术可提供丰富的有关髋关节发育情况的形态学信息.目前，基于磁共振图像的DDH临床诊断主要凭借医生的肉眼观测，对医生要求甚高，而且无法定量判断DDH病情.本文提出了一种针对儿童DDH磁共振图像的形态学定量评估方法，通过对DDH病理改变密切相关的形态学参数的自动测定，完成形态学参数的定量评估，为临床提供辅助的量化参考.该方法包括磁共振图像预处理、股骨及盆骨分割、髋关节三维模型重建，以及结合了厚度搜索、三维霍夫变换和最小二乘拟合等算法实现的中心边缘角（center-edge angle，CEA）、髋臼角（acetabular index，AI）和股骨颈前倾角（femoral neck anteversion，FNA）等重要指标的自动测量.儿童DDH形态学定量评估方法的建立对儿童DDH的筛查、诊断和确诊患儿手术方案的制定，以及术后的动态随访，都具有重要参考价值.

关键词: 磁共振成像（MRI）, 形态学定量, 发育性髋关节脱位

Abstract: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a common hip disease that seriously affects children's growth, impairing limb development and quality of life. Early diagnosis and treatment of DDH are crucial. Magnetic resonance imaging provides rich morphological information of the hip during development. Clinically DDH is usually diagnosed by visual inspection of the medical images, thus requiring high professional expertise of the doctors. In this work, a quantitative morphological evaluation method for examining the hip images and diagnosing DDH in children is proposed. This method evaluates morphological parameters of the hip quantitatively by automatically measuring the morphological parameters relevant to DDH pathological changes. The magnetic resonance images were first preprocessed, followed by segmentation of the femur and pelvis. A three-dimensional (3D) model of the hip joint was then reconstructed, which was then used to measure the center-edge angle (CEA), acetabular index (AI) and femoral neck anteversion (FNA)'s automatically with algorithms such as thickness search, 3D Hough transform, and least squares fitting. The quantitative morphological evaluation method developed may have great value in preliminary screening of DDH in children, formulation of surgical plans, and longitudinal follow-ups after DDH surgery.

Key words: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), morphological quantification, developmental dysplasia of the hip

中图分类号:

O482.53

吴明娣, 冯洁, 贾慧惠, 吴继志, 张欣, 常严, 杨晓冬, 盛茂. 儿童发育性髋关节脱位的磁共振形态学定量[J]. 波谱学杂志, 2020, 37(4): 434-446.

WU Ming-di, FENG Jie, JIA Hui-hui, WU Ji-zhi, ZHANG Xin, CHANG Yan, YANG Xiao-dong, SHENG Mao. MRI-Based Morphological Quantification of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in Children[J]. Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance, 2020, 37(4): 434-446.

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